Presents the history of Lithuania's capital, from legendary beginnings in the 14th century up to 2009, when Vilnius holds the distinction of being European Capital of Culture. A historical investigation with references to a wealth of sources, this book also features remarkable quotes from travelers passing through. A list of these includes artistic giants (such as writers Dostoyevsky, Tolstoy, Ostrovsky, Doblin, and Brodsky), political and cultural icons (like the German general Ludendorff and Emperors Napoleon as well as Alexander), and compelling European personas going back to the 14th century, who, though forgotten, are representative of their generation. The subtitle refers to the fact that until quite recently, ethnic Lithuanians rarely made up a majority among the inhabitants of Vilnius. Published by Baltos Iankos, Vilnius, distributed by CEU Press.