Volume I of the "Dictionary of American Regional English" ("DARE"),
published to wide acclaim in 1985, captured the wondrous variety and
creativeness of American folk words and expressions and tickled the
imagination of lovers of language around the world. Decades in
preparation, the "DARE" corpus reflects the liveliness of English as it
is spoken on America's main streets and country roads-the regional
metaphors and similes passed along within homes and communities.
Like
its popular predecessor, Volume II is a treasury of vernacular
Americanisms. In Virginia a goldfinch is a dandelion bird," in Missouri
an insufficient rain shower a "drizzle-fizzle." "Gate" was Louis
Armstrong's favorite "sender" (a verbal spur to a sidekick in a band), a
usage that probably originated from the fact that gates swing.Readers
will bedazzled by the wealth of entries--more than 11,000-contained in
this second volume alone. The two and a half pages on "dirt" reveal that
a small marble is a "dirt pea" in the South. "To eat dried apples," a
curious rural euphemism for becoming pregnant, appears in the five pages
on "eat." Seven pages on "horn" and related words take readers on a
tour of the animal and nether worlds: horned lark, horned frog, horned
pout (look that one up), and that horned fellow, the devil.
Initiated
under the leadership of Frederic G. Cassidy, "DARE" represents an
unprecedented attempt to document the living language of the entire
country. The project's primary tool was a carefully worded survey of
1,847 questions touching on most aspects of everyday life and human
experience. Over a five-year period fieldworkers interviewed natives of
1,002 communities, a patchwork of the United States in all its
diversity.
The result is a database of more than two and a half
million items--a monument to the richness of American folk speech.
Additionally, some 7,000 publications, including novels, diaries, and
small-town newspapers, have yielded a bountiful harvest of local idioms.
Computer-generated maps accompanying many of the entries illustrate the
regional distribution of words and phrases.
The entries contained
in Volume II--from the poetic and humorous to the witty and downright
bawdy--will delight and inform readers.